SigmaStud® Loadbearing Wall Stud
SigmaStud® is a breakthrough in metal stud framing, load bearing members, producing significant increases in load capacity when compared with conventional “C” Shaped metal studs. Its unique sigma configuration provides installation and design advantages which create efficiencies no other light steel framing (LSF) studs can provide for load bearing walls.
Each bend made to a flat LSF (light gauge metal) element increases load capacity over a standard stud section with the same material thickness. Six extra bends result in delivering the most efficient LSF load-bearing stud member available in the industry.
Features
- Increases load capacity over a standard “C-shaped” stud of the same thickness, reducing overall materials needed (14ga “C-shaped” to 18ga “SG” common)
- Re-defines previous limitations considered for utilization of steel studs in building construction
- Larger flange width increases area for fasteners
- Axial load capacity tables compatible with recent code changes
- Lighter weight results in shipping efficiencies and easier handling & faster connections
- Screw size decreases with thinner material thickness of member material
- Eliminate or reduce double studs / stud packs and their attachments to each other
- Increased load capacity produces more cost-effective options for designing load bearing walls for clients
Order Information
Material Composition
ASTM A1003/A1003M or ASTM A653/A653M, Grade 50(340), 50ksi (340MPa) minimum yield strength, 65ksi (450 MPa) minimum tensile strength, G-60 (Z180) hot-dipped galvanized coating; or equivalent.
Catalogs
TSN’s Product Catalogs are an essential resource for the design of cold formed steel. Developed by Engineers, the catalogs contain design data for members, connectors, and fasteners. SigmaStud® can be found in the following Catalogs:
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For a full list of our product catalogs, specification sections, inspection checklists, and research reports please click here.
US Patents #10,184,250 & Pending
SigmaStud® Downloads
SigmaStud® Applications
SigmaStud with Hollowcore Slab
Bearing Walls With Metal Deck and Concrete
What is SigmaStud
SigmaStud® is The Steel Network’s high-performance, load-bearing cold-formed steel framing member designed to increase structural strength while reducing weight and labor. It was developed to solve a key limitation in traditional cold-formed steel studs—where portions of the web and flanges are less effective—by using a specialty “folded” profile that improves efficiency and load-carrying capacity.
By optimizing the stud shape, SigmaStud can deliver a significant strength-to-weight advantage—about a 40% increase in strength-to-weight compared to conventional stud shapes—helping light steel framing projects go taller and perform better without relying on heavier steel.
For builders and crews, SigmaStud’s thinner steel and lighter weight make a noticeable difference in handling, fastening, and productivity. From steel-to-steel screw connections to drywall installation, reduced thickness means less torque is needed and less fatigue on the jobsite—leading to faster progress across entire projects, especially large-scale builds like hotels.
SigmaStud also helps streamline construction by enabling solutions like built-up columns (reducing the need for tube steel), maintaining 16″ on-center spacing even on taller buildings, and improving MEP coordination by preserving larger stud bays. Ultimately, SigmaStud is designed to do what TSN aims for on every project: save material, save labor, and accelerate schedules—without compromising performance.
Installation Instructions
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| SigmaStud® Product Profile | |||||||||||
| Section (All 50 ksi) |
Overall Depth | Flange Width | Web Flat | Web Return | Web Return | Web Inside | Return Lip 1 | Return Lip 2 | Inside Bend Radius | Design Thickness |
Unit Weight |
| D | B | A | C | E | N | d1 | d2 | R | t | (lbs/ft) | |
| (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in) | ||
| 350SG200-33 | 3.5 | 2 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.078 |
| 350SG200-43 | 3.5 | 2 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.400 |
| 350SG200-54 | 3.5 | 2 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 1.749 |
| 350SG200-68 | 3.5 | 2 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.192 |
| 350SG200-97 | 3.5 | 2 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 3.092 |
| 350SG250-33 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.196 |
| 350SG250-43 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.553 |
| 350SG250-54 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 1.942 |
| 350SG250-68 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.435 |
| 350SG250-97 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 3.438 |
| 350SG350-68 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.920 |
| 362SG200-33 | 3.625 | 2 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.093 |
| 362SG200-43 | 3.625 | 2 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.419 |
| 362SG200-54 | 3.625 | 2 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 1.773 |
| 362SG200-68 | 3.625 | 2 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.222 |
| 362SG200-97 | 3.625 | 2 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 3.135 |
| 362SG250-33 | 3.625 | 2.5 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.210 |
| 362SG250-43 | 3.625 | 2.5 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.572 |
| 362SG250-54 | 3.625 | 2.5 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 1.966 |
| 362SG250-68 | 3.625 | 2.5 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.465 |
| 362SG250-97 | 3.625 | 2.5 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 3.481 |
| 362SG350-68 | 3.625 | 3.5 | 3.625 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.950 |
| 400SG200-33 | 4 | 2 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.137 |
| 400SG200-43 | 4 | 2 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.477 |
| 400SG200-54 | 4 | 2 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 1.846 |
| 400SG200-68 | 4 | 2 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.313 |
| 400SG200-97 | 4 | 2 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 3.265 |
| 400SG250-33 | 4 | 2.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.255 |
| 400SG250-43 | 4 | 2.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.630 |
| 400SG250-54 | 4 | 2.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.038 |
| 400SG250-68 | 4 | 2.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.556 |
| 400SG250-97 | 4 | 2.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 3.611 |
| 400SG350-68 | 4 | 3.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.041 |
| 400SG350-97 | 4 | 3.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 4.303 |
| 400SG350-118 | 4 | 3.5 | 4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.7684 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1242 | 5.216 |
| 550SG162-33 | 5.5 | 1.6 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.232 |
| 550SG162-43 | 5.5 | 1.6 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.598 |
| 550SG200-33 | 5.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.438 |
| 550SG200-43 | 5.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.869 |
| 550SG200-54 | 5.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.338 |
| 550SG200-68 | 5.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 2.933 |
| 550SG200-97 | 5.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 4.147 |
| 550SG250-33 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.556 |
| 550SG250-43 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.023 |
| 550SG250-54 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.531 |
| 550SG250-68 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.176 |
| 550SG250-97 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 4.493 |
| 550SG300-43 | 5.5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.176 |
| 550SG300-54 | 5.5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.723 |
| 550SG300-68 | 5.5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.418 |
| 550SG300-97 | 5.5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 4.839 |
| 550SG300-118 | 5.5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7684 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1242 | 5.867 |
| 600SG162-33 | 6 | 1.6 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.291 |
| 600SG162-43 | 6 | 1.6 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.674 |
| 600SG200-33 | 6 | 2 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.497 |
| 600SG200-43 | 6 | 2 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.946 |
| 600SG200-54 | 6 | 2 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.435 |
| 600SG200-68 | 6 | 2 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.054 |
| 600SG200-97 | 6 | 2 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 4.320 |
| 600SG250-33 | 6 | 2.5 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.615 |
| 600SG250-43 | 6 | 2.5 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.100 |
| 600SG250-54 | 6 | 2.5 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.627 |
| 600SG250-68 | 6 | 2.5 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.297 |
| 600SG250-97 | 6 | 2.5 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 4.666 |
| 600SG300-43 | 6 | 3 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.253 |
| 600SG300-54 | 6 | 3 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.820 |
| 600SG300-68 | 6 | 3 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.540 |
| 600SG300-97 | 6 | 3 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 5.012 |
| 600SG300-118 | 6 | 3 | 1.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7684 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1242 | 6.078 |
| 800SG162-33 | 8 | 1.6 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.526 |
| 800SG162-43 | 8 | 1.6 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 1.981 |
| 800SG200-33 | 8 | 2 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.733 |
| 800SG200-43 | 8 | 2 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.253 |
| 800SG200-54 | 8 | 2 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 2.820 |
| 800SG200-68 | 8 | 2 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.540 |
| 800SG200-97 | 8 | 2 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 5.012 |
| 800SG250-33 | 8 | 2.5 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.5892 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0346 | 1.851 |
| 800SG250-43 | 8 | 2.5 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.406 |
| 800SG250-54 | 8 | 2.5 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 3.012 |
| 800SG250-68 | 8 | 2.5 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 3.782 |
| 800SG250-97 | 8 | 2.5 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 5.358 |
| 800SG300-43 | 8 | 3 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6102 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0451 | 2.560 |
| 800SG300-54 | 8 | 3 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6332 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0566 | 3.205 |
| 800SG300-68 | 8 | 3 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.6626 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.0713 | 4.025 |
| 800SG300-97 | 8 | 3 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7234 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1017 | 5.704 |
| 800SG300-118 | 8 | 3 | 2.25 | 1 | 0.63 | 2.25 | 0.7684 | 0.5 | 0.105 | 0.1242 | 6.922 |
Notes:
- Section properties and capacities are calculated in accordance with AISI S100-16 Specification.
- Tabulated gross properties are based on the full-unreduced cross section of the studs, away from punchouts.
- Effective section properties incorporate the strength increase from the cold-work of forming as applicable per AISI S100-16 Spec, Sec. A3.3.2 (3).
- Net effective section properties are calculated at a cross section through the punchout.
- Allowable moment is the lesser of Mal and Mad. Stud distortional buckling is based on an assumed kΦ = 0.
- For deflection calculations, use the effective moment of inertia.
- The effective moment of inertia for deflection is calculated at a stress which results in a section modulus such that the stress times the section modulus at that stress is equal to the allowable moment. AISI S100-16 Specification Procedure I for serviceability determination has been used.
| SigmaStud® Section Properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Section (All 50 ksi) |
Gross Properties | Torsional Properties | Effective Properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Area | Ix | Sx | Rx | Iy | Ry | Jx1000 | Cw | Xo | m | Ro | ß | Ae(net) | Ixe | Sxe | Sxe(net) | Mal | Mal(net) | Mad | Mad(net) | Va | Va(net) | |
| (in2) | (in4) | (in3) | (in) | (in4) | (in) | (in4) | (in6) | (in) | (in) | (in) | (in2) | (in4) | (in3) | (in3) | (in-k) | (in-k) | (in-k) | (in-k) | (lb) | (lb) | ||
| 350SG200-33 | 0.317 | 0.630 | 0.360 | 1.410 | 0.194 | 0.782 | 0.126 | 0.718 | -1.975 | 1.178 | 2.549 | 0.400 | 0.201 | 0.615 | 0.310 | 0.283 | 9.295 | 8.479 | 8.570 | 8.332 | 1144 | 527 |
| 350SG200-43 | 0.411 | 0.810 | 0.463 | 1.404 | 0.249 | 0.779 | 0.279 | 0.929 | -1.969 | 1.176 | 2.541 | 0.399 | 0.293 | 0.810 | 0.430 | 0.406 | 12.878 | 12.161 | 12.176 | 11.825 | 2141 | 747 |
| 350SG200-54 | 0.514 | 1.003 | 0.573 | 1.397 | 0.309 | 0.775 | 0.549 | 1.158 | -1.963 | 1.173 | 2.531 | 0.398 | 0.384 | 1.003 | 0.550 | 0.530 | 16.470 | 15.871 | 16.295 | 15.825 | 3371 | 925 |
| 350SG200-68 | 0.644 | 1.241 | 0.709 | 1.388 | 0.382 | 0.770 | 1.091 | 1.444 | -1.955 | 1.169 | 2.519 | 0.397 | 0.529 | 1.241 | 0.709 | 0.696 | 23.531 | 20.831 | 23.373 | 20.636 | 4208 | 900 |
| 350SG200-97 | 0.909 | 1.705 | 0.974 | 1.370 | 0.525 | 0.760 | 3.132 | 2.017 | -1.938 | 1.160 | 2.492 | 0.395 | 0.756 | 1.705 | 0.974 | 0.958 | 33.387 | 32.831 | 33.387 | 32.827 | 5886 | 850 |
| 350SG250-33 | 0.351 | 0.734 | 0.419 | 1.445 | 0.329 | 0.967 | 0.140 | 1.206 | -2.476 | 1.448 | 3.025 | 0.330 | 0.210 | 0.693 | 0.331 | 0.300 | 9.904 | 8.995 | 9.106 | 8.870 | 1144 | 527 |
| 350SG250-43 | 0.456 | 0.945 | 0.540 | 1.439 | 0.424 | 0.964 | 0.309 | 1.565 | -2.471 | 1.445 | 3.017 | 0.329 | 0.292 | 0.933 | 0.447 | 0.418 | 13.371 | 12.505 | 13.045 | 12.687 | 2141 | 747 |
| 350SG250-54 | 0.571 | 1.171 | 0.669 | 1.432 | 0.526 | 0.960 | 0.609 | 1.953 | -2.465 | 1.442 | 3.008 | 0.329 | 0.383 | 1.171 | 0.571 | 0.545 | 17.099 | 16.324 | 17.616 | 17.120 | 3371 | 925 |
| 350SG250-68 | 0.715 | 1.450 | 0.829 | 1.424 | 0.653 | 0.955 | 1.212 | 2.443 | -2.457 | 1.439 | 2.996 | 0.328 | 0.519 | 1.450 | 0.748 | 0.728 | 22.400 | 21.809 | 23.676 | 23.014 | 4208 | 900 |
| 350SG250-97 | 1.010 | 1.999 | 1.142 | 1.406 | 0.904 | 0.946 | 3.483 | 3.431 | -2.441 | 1.430 | 2.972 | 0.325 | 0.835 | 1.999 | 1.125 | 1.107 | 37.597 | 37.006 | 38.177 | 37.438 | 5886 | 850 |
| 350SG350-68 | 0.858 | 1.870 | 1.068 | 1.476 | 1.471 | 1.309 | 1.454 | 5.401 | -3.456 | 1.965 | 3.980 | 0.246 | 0.535 | 1.812 | 0.804 | 0.774 | 24.073 | 23.179 | 26.651 | 25.932 | 4208 | 900 |
| 362SG200-33 | 0.321 | 0.683 | 0.377 | 1.459 | 0.196 | 0.782 | 0.128 | 0.759 | -1.954 | 1.168 | 2.561 | 0.418 | 0.202 | 0.668 | 0.326 | 0.295 | 9.754 | 8.842 | 8.919 | 8.673 | 1102 | 544 |
| 362SG200-43 | 0.417 | 0.879 | 0.485 | 1.452 | 0.253 | 0.779 | 0.283 | 0.983 | -1.948 | 1.166 | 2.552 | 0.417 | 0.293 | 0.879 | 0.451 | 0.424 | 13.504 | 12.690 | 12.685 | 12.320 | 2141 | 802 |
| 362SG200-54 | 0.521 | 1.089 | 0.601 | 1.445 | 0.313 | 0.775 | 0.556 | 1.224 | -1.942 | 1.163 | 2.542 | 0.416 | 0.385 | 1.089 | 0.577 | 0.553 | 17.261 | 16.571 | 16.994 | 16.504 | 3372 | 994 |
| 362SG200-68 | 0.653 | 1.348 | 0.744 | 1.437 | 0.388 | 0.770 | 1.107 | 1.526 | -1.934 | 1.159 | 2.530 | 0.415 | 0.532 | 1.348 | 0.744 | 0.728 | 24.678 | 21.799 | 24.401 | 21.653 | 4375 | 1007 |
| 362SG200-97 | 0.921 | 1.854 | 1.023 | 1.419 | 0.533 | 0.761 | 3.176 | 2.130 | -1.918 | 1.150 | 2.504 | 0.413 | 0.769 | 1.854 | 1.023 | 1.007 | 35.050 | 34.514 | 35.050 | 34.509 | 6124 | 954 |
| 362SG250-33 | 0.356 | 0.795 | 0.438 | 1.495 | 0.333 | 0.968 | 0.142 | 1.277 | -2.453 | 1.437 | 3.031 | 0.345 | 0.210 | 0.751 | 0.347 | 0.313 | 10.387 | 9.375 | 9.461 | 9.217 | 1102 | 544 |
| 362SG250-43 | 0.462 | 1.024 | 0.565 | 1.489 | 0.430 | 0.964 | 0.313 | 1.656 | -2.447 | 1.435 | 3.023 | 0.344 | 0.293 | 1.011 | 0.468 | 0.435 | 14.012 | 13.038 | 13.565 | 13.194 | 2141 | 802 |
| 362SG250-54 | 0.578 | 1.269 | 0.700 | 1.482 | 0.533 | 0.961 | 0.617 | 2.066 | -2.442 | 1.432 | 3.014 | 0.344 | 0.385 | 1.269 | 0.598 | 0.569 | 17.908 | 17.031 | 18.335 | 17.821 | 3372 | 994 |
| 362SG250-68 | 0.724 | 1.573 | 0.868 | 1.474 | 0.662 | 0.956 | 1.227 | 2.583 | -2.434 | 1.428 | 3.002 | 0.342 | 0.522 | 1.573 | 0.783 | 0.761 | 23.449 | 22.775 | 24.670 | 23.982 | 4375 | 1007 |
| 362SG250-97 | 1.023 | 2.169 | 1.197 | 1.456 | 0.916 | 0.946 | 3.527 | 3.625 | -2.418 | 1.420 | 2.977 | 0.340 | 0.848 | 2.169 | 1.178 | 1.161 | 39.389 | 38.814 | 40.011 | 39.252 | 6124 | 954 |
| 362SG350-68 | 0.867 | 2.023 | 1.116 | 1.528 | 1.491 | 1.311 | 1.469 | 5.715 | -3.430 | 1.954 | 3.977 | 0.256 | 0.538 | 1.961 | 0.841 | 0.808 | 25.186 | 24.190 | 27.689 | 26.946 | 4375 | 1007 |
| 400SG200-33 | 0.334 | 0.859 | 0.429 | 1.603 | 0.204 | 0.782 | 0.133 | 0.895 | -1.894 | 1.139 | 2.602 | 0.470 | 0.202 | 0.842 | 0.373 | 0.332 | 11.168 | 9.928 | 9.971 | 9.701 | 991 | 589 |
| 400SG200-43 | 0.434 | 1.107 | 0.553 | 1.597 | 0.263 | 0.778 | 0.294 | 1.157 | -1.889 | 1.136 | 2.593 | 0.469 | 0.295 | 1.107 | 0.515 | 0.477 | 15.429 | 14.276 | 14.220 | 13.817 | 2141 | 967 |
| 400SG200-54 | 0.542 | 1.371 | 0.686 | 1.590 | 0.325 | 0.775 | 0.579 | 1.440 | -1.883 | 1.133 | 2.583 | 0.469 | 0.389 | 1.371 | 0.658 | 0.624 | 19.693 | 18.673 | 19.109 | 18.563 | 3372 | 1201 |
| 400SG200-68 | 0.680 | 1.700 | 0.850 | 1.581 | 0.403 | 0.770 | 1.152 | 1.794 | -1.875 | 1.129 | 2.571 | 0.468 | 0.540 | 1.700 | 0.850 | 0.825 | 28.202 | 24.708 | 27.517 | 24.756 | 4876 | 1360 |
| 400SG200-97 | 0.959 | 2.344 | 1.172 | 1.563 | 0.555 | 0.760 | 3.308 | 2.498 | -1.858 | 1.121 | 2.544 | 0.467 | 0.806 | 2.344 | 1.172 | 1.158 | 40.162 | 34.664 | 40.162 | 34.659 | 6839 | 1299 |
| 400SG250-33 | 0.369 | 0.995 | 0.497 | 1.643 | 0.346 | 0.969 | 0.147 | 1.506 | -2.386 | 1.407 | 3.055 | 0.390 | 0.211 | 0.944 | 0.397 | 0.351 | 11.873 | 10.514 | 10.530 | 10.264 | 991 | 589 |
| 400SG250-43 | 0.479 | 1.283 | 0.641 | 1.637 | 0.446 | 0.965 | 0.325 | 1.951 | -2.381 | 1.404 | 3.046 | 0.389 | 0.294 | 1.268 | 0.534 | 0.489 | 15.981 | 14.635 | 15.133 | 14.726 | 2141 | 967 |
| 400SG250-54 | 0.599 | 1.591 | 0.796 | 1.630 | 0.554 | 0.962 | 0.640 | 2.432 | -2.375 | 1.401 | 3.037 | 0.388 | 0.388 | 1.591 | 0.681 | 0.640 | 20.397 | 19.150 | 20.506 | 19.938 | 3372 | 1201 |
| 400SG250-68 | 0.751 | 1.975 | 0.987 | 1.622 | 0.688 | 0.957 | 1.273 | 3.038 | -2.368 | 1.398 | 3.025 | 0.387 | 0.530 | 1.975 | 0.891 | 0.858 | 26.669 | 25.675 | 27.679 | 26.913 | 4876 | 1360 |
| 400SG250-97 | 1.061 | 2.730 | 1.365 | 1.604 | 0.953 | 0.948 | 3.658 | 4.255 | -2.352 | 1.390 | 3.000 | 0.386 | 0.908 | 2.730 | 1.343 | 1.351 | 44.884 | 40.448 | 45.635 | 40.443 | 6839 | 1299 |
| 400SG350-68 | 0.894 | 2.525 | 1.263 | 1.681 | 1.547 | 1.316 | 1.514 | 6.736 | -3.354 | 1.922 | 3.976 | 0.288 | 0.545 | 2.447 | 0.955 | 0.909 | 28.602 | 27.223 | 30.818 | 30.002 | 4876 | 1360 |
| 400SG350-97 | 1.265 | 3.503 | 1.751 | 1.664 | 2.158 | 1.306 | 4.360 | 9.488 | -3.339 | 1.915 | 3.953 | 0.286 | 0.917 | 3.483 | 1.502 | 1.473 | 44.961 | 44.092 | 49.104 | 47.809 | 6839 | 1299 |
| 400SG350-118 | 1.533 | 4.184 | 2.092 | 1.652 | 2.587 | 1.299 | 7.855 | 11.458 | -3.328 | 1.909 | 3.936 | 0.285 | 1.235 | 4.184 | 1.980 | 1.955 | 59.268 | 58.533 | 62.640 | 61.275 | 8235 | 1256 |
| 550SG162-33 | 0.362 | 1.522 | 0.554 | 2.051 | 0.096 | 0.514 | 0.144 | 0.864 | -0.203 | 0.495 | 2.124 | 0.991 | 0.261 | 1.522 | 0.498 | 0.492 | 14.920 | 14.716 | 11.731 | 11.263 | 996 | 586 |
| 550SG162-43 | 0.469 | 1.963 | 0.714 | 2.045 | 0.122 | 0.510 | 0.318 | 1.097 | -0.191 | 0.504 | 2.116 | 0.992 | 0.364 | 1.963 | 0.663 | 0.655 | 19.843 | 19.611 | 16.926 | 16.198 | 2141 | 953 |
| 550SG200-33 | 0.423 | 1.882 | 0.684 | 2.110 | 0.175 | 0.643 | 0.169 | 1.783 | -0.716 | 0.160 | 2.319 | 0.905 | 0.315 | 1.858 | 0.609 | 0.602 | 18.234 | 18.016 | 14.840 | 14.464 | 996 | 586 |
| 550SG200-43 | 0.549 | 2.432 | 0.884 | 2.104 | 0.225 | 0.640 | 0.372 | 2.294 | -0.708 | 0.165 | 2.310 | 0.906 | 0.447 | 2.432 | 0.833 | 0.826 | 24.934 | 24.718 | 21.359 | 20.787 | 2141 | 953 |
| 550SG200-54 | 0.687 | 3.023 | 1.099 | 2.097 | 0.278 | 0.636 | 0.734 | 2.838 | -0.700 | 0.172 | 2.301 | 0.907 | 0.577 | 3.023 | 1.058 | 1.050 | 31.665 | 31.425 | 28.982 | 28.186 | 3372 | 1176 |
| 550SG200-68 | 0.862 | 3.761 | 1.368 | 2.089 | 0.344 | 0.631 | 1.460 | 3.510 | -0.689 | 0.180 | 2.289 | 0.909 | 0.755 | 3.761 | 1.368 | 1.361 | 45.387 | 45.149 | 42.130 | 40.928 | 4793 | 1298 |
| 550SG200-97 | 1.219 | 5.229 | 1.901 | 2.072 | 0.471 | 0.622 | 4.201 | 4.816 | -0.667 | 0.197 | 2.263 | 0.913 | 1.066 | 5.229 | 1.901 | 1.891 | 65.164 | 64.815 | 65.164 | 64.762 | 6657 | 1207 |
| 550SG250-33 | 0.457 | 2.140 | 0.778 | 2.163 | 0.302 | 0.813 | 0.182 | 2.936 | -1.157 | 0.109 | 2.584 | 0.800 | 0.324 | 2.055 | 0.644 | 0.634 | 19.272 | 18.975 | 15.414 | 15.050 | 996 | 586 |
| 550SG250-43 | 0.594 | 2.767 | 1.006 | 2.158 | 0.389 | 0.809 | 0.403 | 3.788 | -1.149 | 0.104 | 2.575 | 0.801 | 0.446 | 2.750 | 0.860 | 0.848 | 25.735 | 25.384 | 22.319 | 21.755 | 2141 | 953 |
| 550SG250-54 | 0.744 | 3.442 | 1.252 | 2.151 | 0.483 | 0.806 | 0.794 | 4.701 | -1.141 | 0.098 | 2.565 | 0.802 | 0.576 | 3.442 | 1.092 | 1.078 | 32.686 | 32.274 | 30.488 | 29.686 | 3372 | 1176 |
| 550SG250-68 | 0.933 | 4.286 | 1.559 | 2.143 | 0.599 | 0.801 | 1.581 | 5.835 | -1.131 | 0.090 | 2.552 | 0.804 | 0.745 | 4.286 | 1.418 | 1.403 | 42.443 | 42.007 | 41.569 | 40.458 | 4793 | 1298 |
| 550SG250-97 | 1.320 | 5.970 | 2.171 | 2.126 | 0.826 | 0.791 | 4.552 | 8.069 | -1.108 | 0.073 | 2.525 | 0.807 | 1.143 | 5.970 | 2.133 | 2.121 | 71.321 | 70.907 | 71.151 | 69.241 | 6657 | 1207 |
| 550SG300-43 | 0.639 | 3.103 | 1.128 | 2.203 | 0.622 | 0.987 | 0.434 | 5.742 | -1.597 | 0.369 | 2.894 | 0.695 | 0.443 | 2.993 | 0.876 | 0.859 | 26.214 | 25.729 | 23.034 | 22.484 | 2141 | 953 |
| 550SG300-54 | 0.800 | 3.861 | 1.404 | 2.197 | 0.773 | 0.983 | 0.855 | 7.139 | -1.589 | 0.363 | 2.884 | 0.696 | 0.580 | 3.736 | 1.128 | 1.110 | 33.781 | 33.222 | 31.625 | 30.830 | 3372 | 1176 |
| 550SG300-68 | 1.004 | 4.812 | 1.750 | 2.189 | 0.960 | 0.978 | 1.702 | 8.883 | -1.579 | 0.355 | 2.870 | 0.697 | 0.756 | 4.765 | 1.476 | 1.455 | 44.180 | 43.572 | 43.406 | 42.278 | 4793 | 1298 |
| 550SG300-97 | 1.422 | 6.711 | 2.440 | 2.172 | 1.332 | 0.968 | 4.902 | 12.348 | -1.557 | 0.340 | 2.843 | 0.700 | 1.187 | 6.711 | 2.310 | 2.293 | 69.159 | 68.650 | 69.483 | 67.704 | 6657 | 1207 |
| 550SG300-118 | 1.724 | 8.048 | 2.927 | 2.161 | 1.590 | 0.960 | 8.837 | 14.766 | -1.541 | 0.328 | 2.822 | 0.702 | 1.462 | 8.048 | 2.812 | 2.793 | 93.863 | 93.245 | 96.698 | 94.218 | 7956 | 1142 |
| 600SG162-33 | 0.379 | 1.854 | 0.618 | 2.211 | 0.104 | 0.523 | 0.151 | 1.090 | -0.234 | 0.432 | 2.284 | 0.990 | 0.279 | 1.854 | 0.558 | 0.551 | 16.702 | 16.505 | 12.720 | 12.230 | 878 | 634 |
| 600SG162-43 | 0.492 | 2.392 | 0.797 | 2.205 | 0.133 | 0.519 | 0.334 | 1.386 | -0.222 | 0.441 | 2.276 | 0.990 | 0.386 | 2.392 | 0.741 | 0.734 | 22.192 | 21.969 | 18.413 | 17.644 | 1959 | 1073 |
| 600SG200-33 | 0.440 | 2.291 | 0.764 | 2.282 | 0.187 | 0.653 | 0.176 | 2.203 | -0.744 | 0.097 | 2.487 | 0.910 | 0.333 | 2.266 | 0.682 | 0.675 | 20.417 | 20.203 | 16.201 | 15.800 | 878 | 634 |
| 600SG200-43 | 0.572 | 2.962 | 0.987 | 2.276 | 0.241 | 0.650 | 0.388 | 2.837 | -0.737 | 0.102 | 2.479 | 0.912 | 0.470 | 2.962 | 0.931 | 0.924 | 27.880 | 27.673 | 23.374 | 22.760 | 1959 | 1073 |
| 600SG200-54 | 0.715 | 3.683 | 1.228 | 2.269 | 0.299 | 0.646 | 0.764 | 3.513 | -0.729 | 0.108 | 2.469 | 0.913 | 0.605 | 3.683 | 1.182 | 1.174 | 35.379 | 35.150 | 31.797 | 30.937 | 3372 | 1452 |
| 600SG200-68 | 0.898 | 4.586 | 1.529 | 2.261 | 0.370 | 0.642 | 1.521 | 4.350 | -0.719 | 0.116 | 2.457 | 0.914 | 0.791 | 4.586 | 1.529 | 1.522 | 50.735 | 50.518 | 46.332 | 45.025 | 5352 | 1797 |
| 600SG200-97 | 1.269 | 6.386 | 2.129 | 2.243 | 0.508 | 0.633 | 4.376 | 5.980 | -0.697 | 0.133 | 2.432 | 0.918 | 1.117 | 6.386 | 2.129 | 2.119 | 72.948 | 72.629 | 72.948 | 72.305 | 7610 | 1726 |
| 600SG250-33 | 0.475 | 2.599 | 0.866 | 2.340 | 0.320 | 0.822 | 0.189 | 3.590 | -1.180 | 0.170 | 2.747 | 0.815 | 0.341 | 2.501 | 0.720 | 0.710 | 21.563 | 21.269 | 16.810 | 16.422 | 878 | 634 |
| 600SG250-43 | 0.617 | 3.362 | 1.121 | 2.334 | 0.413 | 0.818 | 0.418 | 4.633 | -1.173 | 0.165 | 2.737 | 0.816 | 0.469 | 3.345 | 0.961 | 0.949 | 28.760 | 28.412 | 24.389 | 23.785 | 1959 | 1073 |
| 600SG250-54 | 0.772 | 4.183 | 1.394 | 2.328 | 0.513 | 0.815 | 0.824 | 5.752 | -1.165 | 0.160 | 2.728 | 0.818 | 0.604 | 4.183 | 1.219 | 1.206 | 36.501 | 36.093 | 33.384 | 32.520 | 3372 | 1452 |
| 600SG250-68 | 0.969 | 5.213 | 1.738 | 2.320 | 0.636 | 0.810 | 1.642 | 7.145 | -1.155 | 0.152 | 2.715 | 0.819 | 0.780 | 5.213 | 1.582 | 1.567 | 47.351 | 46.922 | 45.633 | 44.428 | 5352 | 1797 |
| 600SG250-97 | 1.371 | 7.270 | 2.423 | 2.303 | 0.879 | 0.800 | 4.727 | 9.893 | -1.133 | 0.137 | 2.688 | 0.822 | 1.195 | 7.270 | 2.381 | 2.369 | 79.592 | 79.202 | 78.437 | 76.343 | 7610 | 1726 |
| 600SG300-43 | 0.662 | 3.761 | 1.254 | 2.384 | 0.655 | 0.995 | 0.449 | 6.972 | -1.616 | 0.429 | 3.047 | 0.719 | 0.466 | 3.639 | 0.979 | 0.962 | 29.297 | 28.809 | 25.131 | 24.543 | 1959 | 1073 |
| 600SG300-54 | 0.829 | 4.683 | 1.561 | 2.377 | 0.814 | 0.991 | 0.885 | 8.670 | -1.608 | 0.424 | 3.036 | 0.720 | 0.608 | 4.539 | 1.260 | 1.241 | 37.713 | 37.153 | 34.564 | 33.711 | 3372 | 1452 |
| 600SG300-68 | 1.040 | 5.840 | 1.947 | 2.369 | 1.012 | 0.986 | 1.763 | 10.793 | -1.598 | 0.417 | 3.023 | 0.721 | 0.791 | 5.790 | 1.646 | 1.625 | 49.272 | 48.663 | 47.543 | 46.327 | 5352 | 1797 |
| 600SG300-97 | 1.473 | 8.155 | 2.718 | 2.353 | 1.404 | 0.976 | 5.078 | 15.015 | -1.577 | 0.402 | 2.996 | 0.723 | 1.238 | 8.155 | 2.572 | 2.556 | 77.021 | 76.525 | 76.434 | 74.491 | 7610 | 1726 |
| 600SG300-118 | 1.786 | 9.789 | 3.263 | 2.341 | 1.678 | 0.969 | 9.154 | 17.967 | -1.562 | 0.391 | 2.976 | 0.725 | 1.525 | 9.789 | 3.134 | 3.116 | 104.620 | 104.024 | 106.616 | 103.892 | 9118 | 1649 |
| 800SG162-33 | 0.448 | 3.631 | 0.908 | 2.845 | 0.130 | 0.538 | 0.179 | 2.193 | -0.302 | 0.261 | 2.912 | 0.989 | 0.298 | 3.631 | 0.754 | 0.744 | 22.576 | 22.270 | 16.445 | 15.895 | 595 | 595 |
| 800SG162-43 | 0.582 | 4.691 | 1.173 | 2.839 | 0.166 | 0.534 | 0.395 | 2.796 | -0.292 | 0.269 | 2.903 | 0.990 | 0.439 | 4.691 | 1.056 | 1.047 | 31.604 | 31.335 | 24.107 | 23.217 | 1324 | 1268 |
| 800SG200-33 | 0.509 | 4.453 | 1.113 | 2.957 | 0.230 | 0.672 | 0.203 | 4.278 | -0.791 | 0.064 | 3.134 | 0.936 | 0.352 | 4.431 | 0.930 | 0.919 | 27.843 | 27.525 | 21.591 | 21.107 | 595 | 595 |
| 800SG200-43 | 0.662 | 5.765 | 1.441 | 2.951 | 0.296 | 0.669 | 0.449 | 5.516 | -0.784 | 0.059 | 3.126 | 0.937 | 0.522 | 5.765 | 1.325 | 1.317 | 39.673 | 39.425 | 31.423 | 30.667 | 1324 | 1268 |
| 800SG200-54 | 0.829 | 7.181 | 1.795 | 2.944 | 0.367 | 0.666 | 0.885 | 6.840 | -0.777 | 0.054 | 3.117 | 0.938 | 0.701 | 7.181 | 1.731 | 1.724 | 51.819 | 51.620 | 43.141 | 42.055 | 2632 | 1994 |
| 800SG200-68 | 1.040 | 8.960 | 2.240 | 2.935 | 0.455 | 0.662 | 1.763 | 8.484 | -0.767 | 0.047 | 3.105 | 0.939 | 0.933 | 8.960 | 2.240 | 2.235 | 74.340 | 74.180 | 63.400 | 61.713 | 5300 | 3156 |
| 800SG200-97 | 1.473 | 12.530 | 3.133 | 2.917 | 0.629 | 0.653 | 5.078 | 11.713 | -0.748 | 0.033 | 3.081 | 0.941 | 1.320 | 12.530 | 3.133 | 3.126 | 107.352 | 107.117 | 104.064 | 101.327 | 10888 | 4452 |
| 800SG250-33 | 0.544 | 5.002 | 1.250 | 3.033 | 0.382 | 0.838 | 0.217 | 6.837 | -1.202 | 0.321 | 3.368 | 0.873 | 0.360 | 4.856 | 0.980 | 0.967 | 29.352 | 28.942 | 22.427 | 21.953 | 595 | 595 |
| 800SG250-43 | 0.707 | 6.478 | 1.620 | 3.027 | 0.493 | 0.835 | 0.479 | 8.833 | -1.196 | 0.317 | 3.360 | 0.873 | 0.522 | 6.478 | 1.363 | 1.349 | 40.806 | 40.395 | 32.761 | 32.012 | 1324 | 1268 |
| 800SG250-54 | 0.885 | 8.074 | 2.019 | 3.020 | 0.612 | 0.832 | 0.945 | 10.975 | -1.189 | 0.312 | 3.350 | 0.874 | 0.701 | 8.074 | 1.782 | 1.769 | 53.363 | 52.965 | 45.165 | 44.076 | 2632 | 1994 |
| 800SG250-68 | 1.111 | 10.081 | 2.520 | 3.012 | 0.761 | 0.827 | 1.883 | 13.649 | -1.179 | 0.305 | 3.339 | 0.875 | 0.923 | 10.081 | 2.304 | 2.291 | 68.996 | 68.586 | 62.282 | 60.729 | 5300 | 3156 |
| 800SG250-97 | 1.575 | 14.116 | 3.529 | 2.994 | 1.055 | 0.818 | 5.428 | 18.950 | -1.160 | 0.292 | 3.314 | 0.877 | 1.402 | 14.116 | 3.466 | 3.456 | 115.861 | 115.535 | 108.627 | 105.815 | 10888 | 4452 |
| 800SG300-43 | 0.752 | 7.192 | 1.798 | 3.092 | 0.767 | 1.010 | 0.510 | 13.119 | -1.617 | 0.573 | 3.633 | 0.802 | 0.518 | 7.028 | 1.387 | 1.368 | 41.519 | 40.945 | 33.663 | 32.933 | 1324 | 1268 |
| 800SG300-54 | 0.942 | 8.967 | 2.242 | 3.086 | 0.954 | 1.006 | 1.006 | 16.324 | -1.610 | 0.568 | 3.623 | 0.802 | 0.705 | 8.804 | 1.839 | 1.820 | 55.068 | 54.497 | 46.575 | 45.502 | 2632 | 1994 |
| 800SG300-68 | 1.183 | 11.202 | 2.800 | 3.078 | 1.187 | 1.002 | 2.004 | 20.337 | -1.601 | 0.562 | 3.611 | 0.803 | 0.934 | 11.176 | 2.394 | 2.373 | 71.673 | 71.061 | 64.531 | 62.977 | 5300 | 3156 |
| 800SG300-97 | 1.676 | 15.702 | 3.926 | 3.061 | 1.651 | 0.993 | 5.779 | 28.342 | -1.582 | 0.549 | 3.586 | 0.805 | 1.441 | 15.702 | 3.719 | 3.703 | 111.337 | 110.877 | 105.253 | 102.673 | 10888 | 4452 |
| 800SG300-118 | 2.034 | 18.902 | 4.725 | 3.048 | 1.976 | 0.986 | 10.426 | 33.962 | -1.568 | 0.540 | 3.567 | 0.807 | 1.775 | 18.902 | 4.539 | 4.523 | 151.547 | 151.009 | 147.942 | 144.251 | 13768 | 4546 |
Notes:
- Section properties and capacities are calculated in accordance with AISI S100-16 Spec, “North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members”.
- Tabulated gross properties are based on the full-unreduced cross section of the studs, away from punchouts.
Effective section properties incorporate the strength increase from the cold-work of forming as applicable per AISI S100-16 Spec, Sec. A3.3.2 (3). - Allowable moment is the lesser of Mal and Mad. Stud distortional buckling is based on an assumed kΦ = 0.
- For deflection calculations, use the effective moment of inertia.
- The effective moment of inertia for deflection is calculated at a stress which results in a section modulus such that the stress times the section modulus at that stress is equal to the allowable moment. AISI S100-16 Procedure I for serviceability determination has been used.
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